The technical and management efforts of directing and controlling the safety and mission assurance elements of the project. This element includes design, development, safety assessment, review, and verification of practices and procedures and mission success criteria intended to assure that the delivered aero-craft/spacecraft, ground systems, mission operations, and payload(s) meet performance requirements and function for their intended lifetimes. This element excludes mission and product assurance efforts at partners/ subcontractors other than a review/oversight function, and the direct costs of environmental testing. Product assurance efforts should be distributed to each separate product/deliverable WBS element.